基于实测数据的电动汽车充电站电能质量分析方法

电能质量检测分析是研究电动汽车与电网互动的前提和基础。而现有工作大都没有采用真实的数据进行充电站电能质量评估研究,已有的实测数据研究中时间分析尺度多为分钟级,且缺乏对不同类型充电站进行差异特性对比分析。为此提出一种基于实测数据的电动汽车充电站电能质量分析方法。首先通过充电平台数据可视化,提取综合充电站和公交充电站的实际到站充电车辆的时序特性。其次通过仿真建模奠定充电机拓扑对谐波特性影响的理论基础,并给出了仿真与实测数据的对比。然后结合相关国家标准对两站实测电能质量指标进行定性和定量评估并比较其优劣。最后基于实测数据设计不同实验场景深入挖掘影响充电站谐波特性的关联因素。结果表明:综合充电站的谐波水平优于公交充电站;电动私家车相比电动巴士车对充电站造成的电流谐波更小。此外充电总功率大小、多台充电桩谐波源之间的谐波相消幅度、电动汽车的入断事件、不同负荷组合等因素都会对充电站电能质量产生影响。该方法为电动汽车充电站谐波监测与治理提供了一种新思路。

Power quality analysis method of an electric vehicle charging station based on measured data

The detection and analysis of power quality is the purpose and basis for studying the interaction between electric vehicles and the power grid.However,most existing work has not used real-world data to evaluate the power quality of charging stations.The time analysis scale of the existing measured data research is mostly at minute level,and there is a lack of comparative analysis on the different characteristics of different types of charging stations.Given this,this paper presents a power quality analysis method for an electric vehicle charging station based on measured data.First,through the visualization of the charging platform data,the time sequence characteristics of the actual arrival of charging vehicles at the integrated charging station and the bus charging station are extracted.Secondly,the theoretical basis of the influence of charger topology on harmonic characteristics is established by simulation modeling,and the comparison between simulation data and measured data is given.Then,the measured power quality indices of the above two types of station are qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in combination with relevant national standards,and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.Finally,based on the measured data,different experimental scenarios are designed to deeply mine the related factors affecting the harmonic characteristics of charging stations.The results show that the harmonic level of an integrated charging station is better than that of a bus charging station.Compared with electric buses,electric private vehicles cause less current harmonics to charging stations.In addition,factors such as the total charging power,harmonic cancellation amplitudes between harmonic sources of multiple charging piles,access and disconnection event of electric vehicles,and different load combinations etc.,all have impact on the power quality of the charging station.This approach provides a novel idea for harmonic monitoring and treatment of electric vehicle charging stations.