考虑需求响应及调频性能变化的虚拟电厂日前投标策略

随着分布式可再生能源装机容量在电力系统中占比的增大，新能源发电应当承担相应的二次调频任务，而虚拟电厂是分布式电源参与电力市场的重要途径。首先，提出了由分布式风电和电动汽车、空调负荷等广义储能组成的虚拟电厂参与能量-调频联合市场的运行机制。然后，建立广义储能受价格驱动的需求响应模型。为了提前对虚拟电厂调频性能进行预估，引入虚拟电厂调频性能指标。提出考虑需求响应及虚拟电厂调频性能指标的日前投标鲁棒优化策略。最后，通过算例探讨了需求响应模型参数变化对用户及虚拟电厂收益的影响。结果表明，所提虚拟电厂运行机制不仅可以有效提高虚拟电厂综合收益，而且使得虚拟电厂提供优质的调频服务。

Day-ahead bidding strategy for virtual power plant considering demand response and frequency regulation performance variation

With the increase of installed capacity of distributed renewable energy in the power system, renewable power generation should undertake the corresponding secondary frequency regulation task, and a virtual power plant is an important way for distributed generation to participate in the power market. First, the operation mechanism of a virtual power plant which participates in energy and frequency regulation markets is proposed. The virtual power plant in this paper consists of generalized energy storage, such as distributed wind power, electric vehicles and air conditioning loads. Then, a price-driven demand response model of generalized energy storage is established. The frequency regulation performance index of the virtual power plant is introduced to predict the frequency regulation performance of the virtual power plant. A robust optimization strategy for day-ahead bidding is proposed considering demand response and the frequency regulation performance index of virtual power plant. Finally, the influence of the change of demand response model parameters on users and the virtual power plant income is discussed in an example study. The result shows that the proposed virtual power plant operation mechanism can effectively improve the comprehensive income of the virtual power plant, as well as prompt the virtual power plant to provide better frequency regulation service. This work is supported by the Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52107113).