激光雷达直升机巡线技术的现状与应用前景

在我国的直升机巡线试验中, 多采用红外线摄影仪、数码摄像机、高分辨望远镜、可见光录像机等设备作为观测工具。但无论是多光谱还是热红外技术, 空间定位的量测精度均不高, 而且获得的多源数据大多分开处理。激光雷达系统可以克服这些缺点, 它是利用激光脉冲来获得被检测对象的相关信息, 同时它还集成了数字量测相机, 可以生成数字正射影象, 满足测图量测的要求。机载激光扫描数据包括2 方面的信息:一是激光扫描仪与地面各点的距离; 二是回波强度, 即地物反射率信号。利用这2 种信号可以区分植被、建筑物、电力线和杆塔等不同的地物。激光雷达系统在国外电网维护中已经得到了广泛的应用, 在国内电力线路设计中已有应用, 用于电网维护尚处于探索阶段。

Current Status and Prospects of Helicopter Power Line Inspection Tour with LID AR

During helicopter power line inspection tour,observation equipments,including infrared cameras,digital video cameras,high-resolution telescope,and visible light VCRs,etc.,are commonly used.However,neither multi-spectral nor infrared technology has high spatial positioning precision.And multi-sourced data acquired from these methods are processed separately.LIDAR system can overcome these disadvantages through laser pulses to acquire objects' information,and integration of digital camera to generate digital ortho-images to meet measurement requirements.Airborne laser scanned data consists of 2 types of information,one is the distance between laser scanner and ground object,the other is echo strength,i.e.,ground reflectance signal.These 2 types of information can be used to differentiate ground objects,such as vegetations,buildings,power lines,and transmission poles and towers,etc.LIDAR systems have been widely used in ouerseas power grid maintenances.and used in domestic transimission line design,but are at the explore stage of domestic power grid maintnances.