基于相对增益矩阵的惯量响应空间耦合特征分析

随着风电、光伏等新能源占比的不断提高,电力系统的惯性逐步降低,受扰动后惯量响应引起的频率变化率增大,给频率安全稳定带来了威胁。受电网拓扑结构的影响,惯量响应的频率变化情况与功率扰动位置之间存在空间上的耦合特征。针对惯量响应在空间上的差异性,通过计算多机系统惯量响应模型的相对增益矩阵,量化了发电机惯量响应与有功功率扰动之间在空间上的耦合关系。仿真结果表明,相对增益能直观地表征不同位置和类型的功率扰动对发电机惯量响应的影响,对功率事故下低惯量系统的频率安全稳定分析与控制具有重要意义。

Analysis of Spatial Coupling Characteristics of Inertia Response Based on the Relative Gain Matrix

With the increase of the proportion of new energy such as photovoltaic and wind power, the inertia of the receiving-end power grid is gradually diluted, and the rate of change of frequency caused by the inertia response will increase after being disturbed, which will threaten the safety and stability of frequency. There is spatial coupling between the change of frequency in the inertia response and the position of the power disturbance, which is related to the topology of the power grid. To cope with the spatial difference of the inertia response, this paper quantifies the spatial coupling relationship between generator inertia response and active power disturbance by calculating the relative gain matrix of the multi-machine system inertia response model. Simulation results show that the relative gain can intuitively characterize the influence of different positions and types of power disturbances on the generator inertia response. This method is of great significance to the analysis and control of the frequency safety and stability of low inertia systems under power accidents.