欧洲战略备用机制对我国发电容量充裕性问题的启示

确保发电容量充裕是电力系统安全运行和电力市场稳定的必要条件,是电力工业发展中需要解决的核心问题之一。随着全球能源电力低碳转型,电力系统发电容量充裕性面临着严峻挑战,国际上已实施多种容量机制。文章结合欧洲能源转型及电力市场化改革过程梳理容量机制的建设背景、发展脉络及现状,重点分析欧洲2019/943法案推荐近期适用的战略备用机制,及该机制在芬兰、德国、比利时的设计细节。双碳目标下,我国煤电将由主体电源转变为调节性、支撑性电源,亟需容量机制保障其安全平稳转型。文章梳理了我国煤电容量机制现状及问题,指出战略备用机制具有良好的适用性,分析设计实施该机制的关键问题,为国内容量机制建设提供了决策参考。

Enlightenment of European Strategic Reserve Mechanism on the Adequacy of Power Generation Capacity in China

Ensuring sufficient generation capacity is a necessary condition for the safety of power system and the stability of power market. It is one of the core issues to be concerned in the development of power industry. With the global low-carbon energy transition, the adequacy of generation capacity of power system is facing severe challenges. Various capacity mechanisms have been implemented internationally to deal with relevant problems. Combined with the process of European energy transition and power market reform, this paper combs the construction background, development context and current situation of its capacity mechanism, focuses on the strategic reserve mechanism recommended in Regulation (EU) 2019/943, and introduces the implementation details of the mechanism in Finland, Germany and Belgium. Under the double carbon goal, China’s coal-fired power will change from the main power supply to the regulatory and supporting power supply, and there is an urgent need for capacity mechanism to ensure its safe and stable transformation. This paper combs the current situation and problems of China’s coal-fired power capacity mechanism, points out that the strategic reserve mechanism has good applicability, analyzes the key problems of implementing the mechanism, and provides decision-making reference for the construction of domestic capacity mechanism.