多棒极型触发真空开关触发特性

主要研究多棒极型触发真空开关(TVS)的触发特性及其影响因素.研究表明,真空开关的触发时延主要由导通时延决定,增加触发电流的幅值和陡度(di/dt)可减小TVS的导通时延及其分散性.脉冲变压器直接触发TVS,可通过减小变压器漏感、提高触发电容的充电电压或增加触发电容电容量来降低导通时延及其分散性,但触发电容增加到一定值后对增加触发能量无帮助,没有必要继续增加.变压器直接触发方式可使导通时延减小至4ms左右,但分散性较大,且存在较小的触发回路电流导致的触发极熄弧现象.在脉冲变压器直接触发回路的基础上设计并研究了两种改进的触发回路:一种为脉冲变压器匹配续流回路,TVS导通时,通过续流回路的充电电容续流可使触发电流达kA级,导通时延减小至2～4μs,由于回路结构复杂,受到杂散参数影响,触发电流的幅值和陡度受到限制;一种为改进的触发回路,在触发极和阴极两端直接并接电容,导通时延可保持在1μs之内.最后研究并确定了并接电容选取依据和取值区间;对触发电压较小的TVS可在并接电容和触发极之间串联间隙,增大电容的充电电压和触发极能量,达到TVS可靠、精确触发的目的.

Triggering Characteristics of Multi-Electrode Type Triggered Vacuum Switch

The paper mainly studies a kind multi-electrode type triggered vacuum switch(TVS) and its trigger characteristics.The research first indicated that the trigger delay time was mainly decided by conduction delay time of TVS.And the increase of amplitude and steepness of triggered current can decrease the trigger delay time and its jitter.In the pulse transformer direct trigger mode,by reducing the leakage inductance of transformer,increasing the charging voltage or capacitance of trigger circuit capacitor cou...