电力市场环境下的无功优化模型及其求解方法

该文分析了传统的电力系统无功优化模型存在的缺陷，论述了在电力市场中实行无功计价的必要性。提出了根据发电机运行的不同状况对发电机无功进行分段计价的观点，并依此建立了以有功网络损耗费用和无功费用为目标函数并包含各种运行约束的电力系统无功优化数学模型。由于电力系统无功优化问题本身的复杂性，该文将遗传算法和ALOPEX相结合的优化算法应用于上述的无功优化模型，这种方法能充分发挥遗传算法的全局寻优优势和ALOPEX算法的爬山能力突出的特点，可以克服以往优化算法的不足。给出的算例也证明了该文提出的无功优化模型可以在降低网络有功损耗的同时实现无功潮流的合理分布，起到改善系统无功环境的作用。

THE REACTIVE POWER OPTIMIZATION MODEL UNDER POWER MARKET AND ITS SOLUTION

This paper summarizes the defects of traditional model for reactive power optimization in a power system, that leads to point out the necessity of pricing reactive power in the power market. The paper also insists on a viewpoint that the generation of reactive power should be costed by different prices according to different operation states. And therefore, a new mathematic model is built up in which the cost of active power loss and cost of reactive power are taken as objective function with its all kinds of constraints. A hybrid optimization method of GA and Alopex is employed, due to the complexity of reactive power optimization. This method makes the most of the advantage of both: One is genetic algorithm, which is good in searching extreme point in the whole domain; the other is Alopex, which is good in climbing. The combination of both will be able to overcome the shortcoming of the existing methods. Some case studies are given and resulting in that proposed model will reduce the net loss and meanwhile will realize a rational distribution of reactive power and finally improve the system reactive power situation.