基于路–电耦合网络的电动汽车需求响应技术

随着电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)保有量的增长,大量无序充电负荷的接入可能给电网带来节点电压偏低、线路阻塞等影响。该文提出基于路-电耦合网络的EV需求响应技术,精确预测充电负荷时空分布特性并对其进行合理调度,以缓解或解决大规模EV无序充电引发的电网问题。首先分析路网交通信息与电网运行状态的交互影响,提出路网-电网耦合原则;在综合考虑路-电耦合对EV行为规律影响的基础上构建充电负荷预测模型,以获得聚合充电负荷的时空分布特性;进而提出考虑快充与慢充调控差异性的需求响应策略,其中快充调控可降低短时间内节点负荷,慢充调控可转移大量EV充电时间段;最后仿真结果表明,考虑路-电耦合能够更准确预测EV充电负荷并有效缓解电网电压偏低及输电线路阻塞问题。

Electric Vehicle Demand Response Technology Based on Traffic-grid Coupling Networks

With the increase of the number of electric vehicles(EV), the integration of massive disorderly charging loads into power grid will bring effects such as low voltage and transmission congestion. This paper proposed the EV demand response technology based on traffic-grid coupling networks, by which the spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of EV charging loads can be accurately forecasted and reasonably dispatched to alleviate or solve the power grid problems caused by large-scale EV disorderly charging. Firstly, the interaction of the traffic information and the power grid operation was analyzed, and the coupling principle of the traffic network and the power grid was proposed. Based on the consideration of the influence of traffic-grid coupling on the behaviors of EV, a charging load forecasting model was established to obtain the spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of the aggregate EV charging loads. Then demand response strategies considering the dispatching discrepancy of fast charging and slow charging was proposed, in which the fast charging dispatching can reduce charging loads in a short time and the slow charging dispatching can transfer the charging periods of massive EVs. Finally, simulation results show that considering the traffic-grid coupling can make the EV charging load forecasting more accurate and effectively alleviate the voltage deviation and the transmission congestion in the power grid.