网损分摊问题的思考

该文对网损分摊问题进行了深入的研究。指出分摊因子为复数的分摊方法会造成一种“无中生有”的现象(即本来没有有功(无功)损耗，分摊后却产生了有功(无功)损耗在原则上是难以接受的；指出某些情况下之所以导出分摊因子为复数的分摊方法是由于忽视了网络中任一点电压都是由所有节点注入功率共同维持的，同时由于这一点，任何一种将网络节点电压当作常数的网损分摊方法都是近似的，其合理性无法得到严格证明；把网损分摊问题归结为只用功率量表达的非线性函数值对其自变量的分摊问题，发现数学上非线性函数值对其自变量分摊问题的解是不唯一的，基于这种不唯一性，提出网损分摊的唯一原则是能够提供正确的经济信号、促使整个网络损耗的降低，任何一种网损分摊方法都只能是启发性的。

PONDERING ON THE LOSS ALLOCATION PROBLEM

Some unaccepted results are caused by the existing allocation methods with complex allocation factors, i.e., there is actually no active/reactive loss, but the active/reactive loss appears in the allocation results. That sort of the fictitious phenomena is due to ignoring the important fact that any node voltage is determined by all the injection powers, thus, it is approximate to take the node voltages as constants. A better solution method proposed in the paper is considering the loss allocation as the question of how to allocate the nonlinear function value (loss) to its independent variables (injection powers). The solution of the nonlinear equation for loss allocation is not unique mathematically. The goal and the principle proposed are to provide correct economic signals and to decrease the whole loss of the network.