宽频带的微带等角螺旋天线设计

为了实现宽频带天线指定方向的高性能辐射，设计了一种宽频带的微带等角螺旋天线。为实现阻抗匹配，天线馈电部分设计了一种指数渐变式微带巴伦结构。经过实物测试参数，结果表明加入了指数渐变巴伦结构后天线实现了良好的阻抗匹配并具有良好的宽频带特性，其工作带宽为1.74～4.82 GHz，回波损耗最低达- 30 dB。同时设计了一个平底型金属反射腔用于反射背向电磁波，在保持宽频带工作特性的同时，使天线具有了良好的单向辐射特性，天线在整个工作频段内的增益均大于6 dB，与传统的螺旋天线相比，具有宽频、定向、高增益的特点，具有一定应用前景。

Design of broadband microstrip equiangular spiral antenna

In order to achieve high-performance radiation in the specified direction of a broadband antenna, a wideband microstrip equiangular spiral antenna was designed. To achieve impedance matching, an exponential gradient microstrip balun structure is designed for the antenna feed section. After physical testing parameters, the results show that the antenna with exponential gradient Barron structure achieves good impedance matching and has good broadband characteristics. Its operating bandwidth is 1.74 GHz to 4.82 GHz, with a minimum return loss of -30 dB. At the same time, a flat bottom metal reflection cavity is designed to reflect back electromagnetic waves. While maintaining broadband operating characteristics, the antenna has good unidirectional radiation characteristics. The gain of the antenna in the entire operating frequency band is greater than 6 dB. Compared with traditional spiral antennas, it has the characteristics of broadband, directional, and high gain, and has certain application prospects.