柔性负荷控制及模型研究综述

随着可再生能源的大规模接入和城市中心高峰负荷逐年增长，系统平衡资源需求激增。在常规电源被大规模替代，发电侧调节能力受限的同时，柔性负荷在电网中占据比例逐渐上升，其响应快、经济性高等运行特性增加了电网的调控手段，对系统的调峰调频、平衡新能源波动以及提供辅助服务等方面有重要作用。重点关注柔性负荷的建模方法，对近年来国内外在柔性负荷的物理模型、响应模型和聚合模型等方面的研究成果进行了综述。并结合国内柔性负荷发展和研究情况，对柔性负荷的控制提出几点设想。

Overview of Modeling Method for Flexible Load and its Control

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy and year-to-year increase in the peak load of urban center， the demand of system balance resources increases sharply. While conventional power supply is replaced on a large scale and the regulation capacity of power generation side is limited， the proportion of flexible load in power grid gradually increases. Its fast response and high economy operation characteristics makes the diversified regulation methods for the power grid， thus contributing to the frequency / peak regulation of the system， the suppression of output fluctuation in renewable energy generation and auxiliary services. This paper focuses on the modeling method of flexible load， and gives an overview of the research achievements in the physical model， response model and aggregation model of the flexible load at home and abroad in recent years. Also，the paper makes several suggestions for flexible load control combined with the development and research status of the flexible load in China.