中国交联聚乙烯绝缘高压直流电缆发展的三级跳: 从160 kV到200 kV再到320 kV

自2012年起，先后有±160 kV、±200 kV及 ±320 kV 交联聚乙烯（XLPE）绝缘的高压直流电缆投入了柔性直流输电工程应用或进入现场敷设。它们分别是：2013年12月投入运行的南澳三端柔性直流输电工程，采用37 km的±160 kV直流海底和直流陆地电缆，用于连接南澳岛大型风场与陆地电网；2014年6月投入运行的舟山±200 kV多端柔性直流输电工程，海底电缆总长度达到294 km；正在建设的厦门±320 kV柔性直流输电工程，电缆总长度21 km，计划于2015年12月投入运行。以上三项柔性直流输电工程的成功建设与运行，也使中国的挤出绝缘高压直流电缆在电压等级上实现了三级跳式的跨越。本文介绍了XLPE绝缘高压直流电缆研发过程中针对材料特性、空间电荷分布、脱气及测试方法等方面的研究成果。并简要介绍了三个电压等级电缆现有柔性直流工程中的应用情况。

Triple Jumps of XLPE Insulated HVDC Cable Development in China:from 160 kV to 200 kV and then to 320 kV

Since 2012 three cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated HVDC cables with rated voltage level of ±160 kV, ±200 kV and ±320 kV have been tested or successfully commissioned in HVDC transmission projects. They are Nan ao three-terminal VSC project for island wind farm connection to China Southern Power Grid, with a total length of 37 km submarine and land cable of rated ±160 kV, which has been put into operation in December 2013; Zhoushan five terminal VSC project with 294 km ±200 kV DC submarine power cable and has been in operation since June 2014; and another VSC project at the voltage level of ±320 kV is under construction in Xiamen, with a cable in length of 21 km deployed in cable tunnel. On the completion of these three projects within three years of time, China has realized triple leap in its HVDC submarine and land cable development. This paper presents the technical achievement of XLPE insulated HVDC cable development in detailed material characterization, space charge behavior, degassing processing and testing considerations.Their application in the three projects are introduced as well to illustrate the insulation and coordination design by considering each individual transmission system.