基于超声波衰减效应的悬移质粒径分布反演

粒径分布是两相流的一项重要参数，为了实现其准确快速的测量，本文提出了一种超声波衰减效应与人工蜂群反演算法相结合的粒径分布测量方法。设计了基于聚焦式超声波传感器的悬移质参数测量系统，用于获得超声衰减信号并得到有效的实验衰减系数。根据理论声衰减模型求得理论衰减系数，构造理论衰减系数与实验衰减系数的误差函数作为目标函数。引入人工蜂群算法，优化目标函数，通过反演获得最优粒径分布。实验分别对三种不同分布的悬移质样本进行测量并采用筛分法作为对照实验，进行误差因素分析。结果表明，在实验范围内,该方法有较高的可行性与准确性，可为自由水体中悬移质粒径分布的测量提供一条新的思路。

Inversion of particle size distributions of suspended loads based on ultrasonic attenuation effect

To achieve accurate and rapid measurement of particle size distribution (PSD), a key parameter of two-phase flows, this paper develops a new measurement method by combining ultrasonic attenuation effect and an artificial bee colony inversion algorithm. We design a suspension parameter measurement system that uses a focused ultrasonic sensor to obtain ultrasonic attenuation signals, and calculate an effective experimental attenuation coefficient. A theoretical attenuation coefficient is obtained according to the theoretical sound attenuation model, and an error function for theoretical and experimental attenuation coefficients is constructed and used as the objective function. Then, we adopt an artificial bee colony algorithm to optimize the objective function, and obtain an optimal PSD through inversion calculation. To verify the method, experimental tests are conducted on suspended load samples of three different PSDs, and the sieving method is used as a control experiment to analyze error factors. The results show our new method is practically applicable and of high accuracy in the tested range, and it provides a new approach to measurement of PSD of suspended load.