高效燃煤机组关键技术研究进展

提高燃煤电厂的热效率可以实现节能与CO2减排的双重效果。欧盟的"在700℃运行的超临界煤粉锅炉发电即AD700计划"和美国的"超超临界蒸汽计划(USC)"的主要工作是把蒸汽参数提高到700℃,甚至760℃,从而大幅提高机组的热效率。研究表明,开发新的热力系统,缩小卡诺缺口和提高蒸汽参数都可以提高热效率,二者结合可以将现机组效率提高到50%,甚至更高水平。我国可以在欧盟AD700以及美国USC计划的基础上创立一个E50+(效率大于50%)计划平台,集中力量在短期内实现除耐高温材料之外的关键技术研发和示范电站的建设。

KEY TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED HIGH-EFFICIENCY COAL-FIRED POWER STATION

There is strong focus on environmental issues and the sustainability of coal.Improving heat efficiency of coal-fired power station can realize both energy-saving and CO2 reduction.The main target of the EU’s "AD700 project" and American "Ultra supercritical steam project(USU)" was to significantly improve the heat efficiency of generator units by increasing the steam parameter up to 700 ℃,even to 760 ℃.Investigations show that,two methods can improve the heat efficiency:developing a new thermodynamic system,or narrowing the difference in heat efficiency between the actual thermodynamic system and the Carnot cycle,as well as increasing the steam parameter.Efficiency of present unit can be increased to 50% or higher if combining the 2 ways together.Based on the AD700 Project and SC Plan,China can build an E50+(efficiency higher than 50%) platform to focus on developing the key technology(except high temperature material) of advanced high-efficiency coal-fired power station,and construct demonstration power station,within a short time.