国内外兆瓦级储能调频示范应用现状分析与启示

储能技术作为人类社会从化石能源时代迈入清洁低碳能源时代的推动技术,在大规模间歇性新能源并网引发的区域频率稳定性控制问题背景下,以其灵敏精准的出力特性逐步在电力系统调频领域实现规模化应用。全球有近20个国家在建或投运了共164项兆瓦级储能调频应用项目,涉及发电端、输配环节和需求侧。本文通过对兆瓦级储能调频项目概况进行统计分析应用现状,重点针对选型因素分析不同类型储能与调频相关的参数特点;从已应用的4种储能调频运行模式出发,分析应用区域现有的与其模式相关的政策与市场需求;基于国内外调频辅助服务市场现状调研,分析调频服务不同计量方法、政策规则对储能调频商业化应用的影响。最后,结合上述研究结果从3个角度出发对如何促进中国储能调频商业化应用提出建议。

Analysis on Present Application of Megawatt-scale Energy Storage in Frequency Regulation and Its Enlightenment

As impetus to society from fossil fuel to low-carbon energy era, energy storage with swiftness and accuracy applies itself in frequency regulation in power system under the issue on frequency stability caused by large-scale intermittent resources integrating with power grid. Nowadays 164 projects of megawatt-scale energy storage in nearly 20 countries around the world is under construction or operation for frequency regulation, which penetrate into generation, transmission and distribution system as well as the demand side. Firstly through the statistical analysis in the category structure of known projects, this paper summarizes relevant parameters in storage selection. Secondly from existing operating modes, distinct technical requirements as well as related policies and market rules are analyzed. Thirdly based on status quo of regulation markets both at home and abroad, the measuring and settlement methods and policies for commercial application of storage in regulation are researched. Finally, suggestions on how to commercialize energy storage in regulation field in China are put forward.