基于微网的电动汽车与电网互动技术

随着电动汽车的渗透率越来越高,其无序充放电行为会给电网的正常运行带来负面影响。电动汽车与电网互动(V2G)是一个很好的解决办法。基于微网的V2G模式被用于电动汽车与电网之间的能量交换,并建立了以微网负荷波动最小、可再生能源利用率最大及车主获得的收益最大为优化目标的多目标优化模型。针对该优化模型的求解,首先提出了变阈值优化算法,并在此基础上进行了改进,提出了充放电速率可调优化算法。优化结果证明了这两种算法能够通过合理的调度来提高可再生能源利用率,改善微网内部电量供应和需求不平衡问题以及增加电动汽车车主的收益。

Electric Vehicle-to-grid Technology Based on Microgrid

With the increasing penetration of electric vehicles(EVs), the disordered charge and discharge behaviors bring negative impact on normal operation of power grid. Vehicle-to-grid(V2G)is an excellent solution for this problem. V2G mode based on microgrid is used for energy exchange between EVs and power grid, and multi-objective optimization model, in which minimum grid load fluctuation, maximum renewable energy utilization and maximum owners gain are taken as the optimization objectives, is established. In order to solve the optimization model, variable threshold optimization algorithm is proposed firstly, and an improved algorithm named variable charge and discharge rate optimization algorithm is proposed. The optimization results show that the two proposed algorithms could increase utilization of renewable energy, improve the imbalance between power supply and demand in the microgrid and increase benefits of EV owners through reasonable scheduling.