基于动态非合作博弈的大规模电动汽车实时优化调度

针对大规模电动汽车(EV)接入电网后,各充电聚合商(EVA)的独立优化目标存在冲突而导致优化调度存在困难的问题,提出了考虑多个EVA各方利益的基于动态非合作博弈的大规模EV实时调度模型。首先构建了大规模EV的集群等效模型并分析了动态电价下各EVA的利益关系,接着利用完全势博弈理论证明了博弈模型存在唯一的纳什均衡解并推导出求解方法,最后提出基于交替方向乘子法的实时分布式算法实现各EVA实时策略的求解。通过算例仿真验证了所提模型可有效实现削峰填谷、降低EVA充电成本。同时,在优化结果、计算时间、保护用户隐私方面更适用于大规模EV实时充电优化调度。

Real-time Optimal Dispatch for Large-scale Electric Vehicles Based on Dynamic Non-cooperative Game Theory

In order to solve the problem of optimal dispatch caused by conflicts of independent optimized dispatch targets between electric vehicle aggregators(EVAs)after the large-scale electric vehicle(EV)connected to the grid, a large-scale EV real-time dispatch model based on dynamic non-cooperative game considering the interests of EVA is proposed. Firstly, the cluster equivalent model of large-scale EV is constructed and the interest relationship of each EVA with dynamic electricity price mechanism is analyzed. Then the complete potential game theory is used to prove the existence of the unique Nash equilibrium solution of the game model and the solution is derived. Finally, a real-time distributed algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers is proposed to solve the real-time decision problem of each EVA. The simulation results show that the model can effectively perform peak load shifting and reduce the charging cost of EVAs. Meanwhile, it is proved that the proposed model is more suitable for real-time optimal dispatch for the charging of large-scale EVs in terms of optimization results, computing time and protection of user privacy.