输电系统固定成本分摊问题

在电力市场环境下，输电固定成本需要公平、合理地分摊给所有电网使用者。合理的分摊方法可以引导对现有输电设备的有效和合理的使用，并为将来的发电规划和负荷选址提供经济信号。文中对现有的输电固定成本分摊方法进行了全面而系统的综述，按照所分摊的成本、承担成本的主体、所基于的系统状态、冗余容量成本的分摊、对反向潮流的收费、对无功功率的处理、分摊的原则与方法等方面，对现有的输电成本分摊方法进行了详细的分析，论述了每一种方法的特点，并对各种方法进行了比较和讨论。

A LITERATURE SURVEY ON ALLOCATIONS OF TRANSMISSION FIXED COSTS

In the context of competitive electricity markets, transmission fixed costs should be fairly allocated to transmission users. A reasonable allocation method could lead to efficient utilizations of existing transmission facilities and, at the same time, provide economic signals for guiding future generation planning and load sitting. In this paper, a comprehensive literature survey is made on available methods of transmission fixed cost allocations. The review is conducted from several different aspects including: costs to be allocated, entities to pay the costs, system states to be based, cost allocations of unused capacities, pricing of counter flow and that of reactive power, and allocation principles and methods. In addition, the characteristics of each method are analyzed and compared with those of the others. This project is jointly supported by National Key Basic Research Special Fund of China (No. G1998020301), a Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP), China (No. 2000033530) and a Seed Funding Project from the University of Hong Kong.