发电权交易及其机理分析

借鉴了常规的市场，日前市场交易机制，在目前部分省区组织的“水火置换”的基础上，提出了发电权交易的理想，即发电企业进行双边交易，转让或购入发电权，从而实现一定程度上的自调度，对系统的安全，经济运行有重要的辅助作用。经纪人模式是双边交易的主要组成模式。文中首先从数学和经济学角度剖析了经纪人模式组织普通双边交易的机理，进而研究了由此组织发电权交易的过程和方法，并建立了考虑交易成本的经纪人模型。最后提出了发电权交易的两种方式，即不考虑交易成本的简易模式和考虑交易成本的全效用模式，并举例分析了各自的交易结果。研究表明，发电权交易是一种新颖而有效的交易，可以在电力市场实践中发挥积极的作用。

GENERATION RIGHTS TRADE AND ITS MECHANISM

Based on the trading modes of conventional contract market and day ahead market, the concept of generation right (GR) is presented which is the extended form of "hydro and steam power replacement" adopted in some provinces. Under generation right market (GRM), power plants perform bilateral trade (BT) to sale or buy GRs so that their output power can be changed which is valuable to maintain the stability of power system operation. Since broker trade mode (BTM) is the main form of BT, the model and mechanism of BTM is thoroughly analyzed from the viewpoint of mathematics and economics. Then the model of GRM organization is proposed. Moreover, a new broker trade model is established to take trade cost into account. Finally, two modes of GR trade, viz the simple mode without considering trade cost and the full utility mode considering trade cost, are proposed and evaluated by case study. It is showed that GR trade is a novel and effective transaction form and may bring positive effect to electricity market. This project is jointly supported by National Key Basic Research Special Fund of China (No. G1998020311), Special Research Foundation from Ministry of Education for Ph. D. Student Training Program (No. 20010003025) and Fundamental Research Funds of Tsinghua University (No. JC2002018).