基于主从博弈的含电动汽车虚拟电厂协调调度

电动汽车作为配电网中最为重要的主动负荷,其充电优化管理成为目前售电侧开放下的重点研究领域之一。而虚拟电厂作为电网分布式能源管理的重要解决方案,其传统定义侧重于在发电侧聚合小容量分布式能源以提高可再生能源在电网中的消纳程度。结合售电侧开放下的电力市场改革需求,文中提出以虚拟电厂作为售电实体参与电动汽车充电管理的协调调度优化模型。在能量市场交易模型中,虚拟电厂作为分布式能源与电动汽车的聚合代理商参与电力市场电能申报与交易;在主从博弈模型中,虚拟电厂通过主从博弈制定合理的售电价格引导电动汽车的有序充电入网,并通过协调调度集中整合优化分布式能源。算例分析表明,通过虚拟电厂的集中优化管理可以有效实现分布式能源与电动汽车的能源互补并提升整体运行经济性。

Stackelberg Game Based Coordinated Dispatch of Virtual Power Plant Considering Electric Vehicle Management

Electric vehicles(EVs)become one of the most important active loads in the distribution network. With the opening-up of electricity market, the charge optimization management of EV has become one of the important research parts. As an effective solution to the management of distributed energy resources(DERs), the traditional definition of virtual power plant(VPP)focuses on the increase of the renewable energy consumption into power grid by the integration and utilization of low-capacity DERs in the power generation side. However, based on reformation of electricity selling mechanism in China, this paper proposes that the VPP is used as an electricity retailer to participate in the coordinated optimization model of the management of EV charging. In the energy market trading model, distributed power of VPP and aggregator agents of EV participate in the electric power declaration and transaction of electricity market. In the model of Stackelberg game, VPP is expected to lead the EV orderly charging into the grid of EV through making the reasonable electricity retail price. In addition, the centralized coordinated dispatch of VPP optimizes the output of DERs. The illustrative example verifies the effectiveness and economic improvement of VPP in the centralized optimal management for the energy complementary of DERs and EV.