基于广域测量系统的状态估计研究综述

广域测量系统（WAMS）的逐步发展给电力系统在线分析方法提供了一个新思路。针对WAMS测量精度高、具有同步相量测量功能以及数据传输快等特点，分别从引入高精度节点电压相量量测的状态估计算法、引入高精度支路电流相量量测的算法、引入全部WAMS量测的算法以及其他与WAMS状态估计相关的问题等4个方面，介绍了目前引入WAMS量测的各种状态估计算法；并详细分析了各种算法的优缺点和适用范围，从工程应用出发研究其可行性，对部分算法给出了改进措施。讨论了WAMS的不良数据检测与辨识问题、相量测量装置（PMU）的最优配置问题以及基于PMU的动态状态估计和谐波状态估计等与WAMS状态估计相关的其他问题。

An Overview of State Estimation Based on Wide-area Measurement System

The gradual development of the wide-area measurement system (WAMS) in China presents an opportunity to improve the on-line analysis methods of power system. Given such advantages of the WAMS as higher metering quality, possessing synchronized phasor measurements and fast data communications, the status quo on power system state estimation based on WAMS is reviewed and analyzed from three aspects, including the models of using nodal voltage phasor measurements with high accuracy, models of using branch current phasor measurements with high accuracy and models of using all phasor measurements. This paper studies all these models in detail, comments on their advantages and disadvantages, gives some suggestion, and discusses the feasibility and application range from the point of view of the engineering application. Furthermore, other problems relating to the estimators based on WAMS are also discussed, such as the bad data detection and identification, the phasor measurement unit (PMU) optimal placement and dynamic state estimation and harmonic state estimation based on PMUs.