关于暂态稳定控制决策优化方法的思考

从优化问题的诸要素出发，分析暂态稳定预防控制和紧急控制的特点，评述其决策优化的现状和困难。这些要素包括系统方程、目标函数、约束条件、控制变量、寻优策略、决策时机和控制时机等。稳定分析需要将当前定性和离线的方法改进为定量和在线的方法，而稳定控制则需要从无自适应、无优化和无协调的概念发展到自适应的优化协调控制。EEAC(扩展等面积准则)或其他将会出现的量化方法所提供的稳定裕度指标，为安全性和经济性的协调、为预防控制和紧急控制的协调奠定基础。“在线预决策，实时匹配”是市场环境中大型电力系统暂态稳定预防控制和紧急控制的发展方向。利用稳定裕度对控制变量的灵敏度信息来指导搜索，同时利用启发式知识来避免局部最优解，构成由启发式和解析式相结合的搜索方法。

A REVIEW ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSIENT STABILITY CONTROLS

Characteristics of both preventive control and emergency control, the status of the optimization of transient stability controls and their difficulties are reviewed from various viewpoints, such as mathematical models, objective functions, constrains, control variables, search strategies, time scale for decision making and that for execution. Stability analysis methods for large interconnected power systems under marketing circumstances should evolve from qualitative to quantitative, and from off line to on line. Stability controls decision making should advance to optimal as well as adaptive. A necessary condition is a rigorous stability margin provided by extended equal area criteria (EEAC) or other quantitative analysis methods. Based on sensitivity coefficients of the margin to direct the search, and applying heuristic rules to avoid the local optimization problems, a search algorithm for optimal stability control is proposed.