MOA冲击电流模型的建模仿真及试验研究

为保证金属氧化物避雷器(metal oxide arrester,MOA)的质量,在出厂试验或验收试验等中常采用冲击电流发生器模拟雷电流来检验设备耐受冲击电流稳定的能力。仿真分析中直接采用雷电流函数模型代替冲击电流回路来研究MOA的非线性特性,忽略了电流波形差异对负载特性的影响。文中介绍了雷电流模型的研究现状,分析了冲击电流发生回路与常用雷电流模型的基础理论,选取双指数函数模型、Heidler函数模型、脉冲函数模型,并基于MATLAB/Simulink搭建仿真电路,结合试验数据进行仿真分析,给出了ATP-EMTP软件中常用模型的波形参数。研究结果可为后续MOA在特快速瞬态过电压的特性研究、电路模型仿真分析及防雷研究提供参考。

Modeling,Simulation and Experimental Study of Impulse Current Model for MOAs

The factory test or acceptance test should be done before putting into operation to ensure the MOA''s quality,where the impulse current generator is often used to simulate the impulse current and test the stability of withstanding the impulse current.But in the simulation analysis,the lightning current function model was used to study MOA''s nonlinear characteristics instead of the impulse current test circuit,and the influence of the difference between the current waveform on the load characteristics was ignored.The lightning current model research status was introduced in this paper,and three models,including double exponential model,Heidler model and Pulse model,were carried out by MATLAB/Simulink.Then simulation results and experimental results were compared and analyzed according to the relative error of residual voltage and energy absorption.Then parameter in Alternative Transient Program-Electromagnetic Transient Program (ATP-EMTP) is determined.The research results can provide reference for the following MOA research on the characteristics of the very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO),the simulation analysis of the circuit model and the lightning protection research.