环境因素对单相电能表基本误差的影响研究

为了研究环境因素对单相智能电表基本误差的影响,采用物理建模和试验相结合的方法。从元器件出发,主要考虑温度、湿度、磁场三个关键环境因素,建立了单相电能表基本误差与环境因素的数学物理模型,研究表明温度对单相电能表的影响主要作用于电阻、分流器、计量芯片和电压基准,湿度主要改变电路板和电子元器件的老化特性从而影响误差,磁场主要作用在电流回路上产生附加感应电势。为了进一步研究三个因素对电能表误差的影响程度,设计了一组3因素5水平正交试验,实验数据表明,在设定的实验环境范围内,温度对电表误差影响十分显著,而磁场和湿度影响则不明显。

Study on The Influence of Environmental Factors on The Basic Error of Single-phase Electricity Meters

In order to study the influence of environmental factors on the basic errors of single-phase smart meters, a method combining mathematical modeling with experiment was adopted. Starting from the components and considering the three key environmental factors of temperature, humidity and magnetic field, the mathematical model of basic error and environmental factors of single-phase electricity meter is established. The research shows that the influence of temperature on single-phase electricity meter mainly acts on resistors, shunts, measuring chips and voltage reference, and humidity mainly changes the aging characteristics of circuit boards and electronic components, thus affecting errors. Distribution of stray capacitance affects the error. The magnetic field mainly acts on the current loop to generate additional induced potential. In order to further study the influence of three factors on the error of electricity meter, a set of orthogonal experiments with 3 factors and 5 levels was designed. The experimental data show that the temperature has a significant effect on the error of electricity meter, while the magnetic field and humidity have no obvious effect on the error of watt-hour meter.