基于光学成像和测距原理的测定架空输电导线覆冰厚度的装置及其方法

输电线路覆冰灾害危害整个电网安全稳定运行。为解决现有输电导线等值覆冰厚度测量中设备的可靠性较差,设备运行环境复杂,测量方法繁琐等问题,开发了一套基于光学成像原理和测距原理的一体化、便携式测量导线覆冰厚度的装置。从激光测距和十字分划测距的基本方程出发,推导了根据观测距离和密位值来计算输电导线等值覆冰厚度的方法,同时也介绍了利用该装置测量观测距离和密位值的方法。对于固定装置、观测距离、环境光线强弱对观测冰厚影响的问题,通过对比不同条件下观测导线覆冰情况的实验数据发现了一系列对于提高了测量结果准确性有益的结论。文章还从系统误差入手,深入剖析了实验结果中误差的来源,得到了该测量输电导线覆冰厚度的装置在中、近距离以及导线有8mm以上冰厚时能有效观测冰厚的结论,这与实验中得到的结论一致。

Devices and methods of measuring the Ice-Covered Thickness of overhead transmission line based on optical imaging and ranging principle

The ice disasters of transmission lines endanger the safe and stable operation of power grid. In order to solve the problems, such as the poor reliability of devices used in the measuring of Equivalent ice-covered thickness of the existing transmission line, the complex equipment running environment, and the complex measuring method, the authors developed a device based on the integration of optical imaging and ranging principle which can measure the ice-covered thickness of transmission line portably. The paper derives the method of calculating the equivalent ice-covered thickness according to the observation distance and the mil value from the basic principle of laser ranging and cross division ranging. Meanwhile, the paper also introduces the method of measuring the observation distance and the mil value. For the fixture, observation distance and ambient light intensity, by comparing the experimental datas of the ice-covered transmission line under the different conditions observed , the paper find a series of benifit conclusions for enhancing the accuracy. The paper also analyzes the source of error considering the system error, and concludes that the device of measuring the ice-covered thickness could observe the ice-covered thickness efficiently in moderate and short distance when the ice-covered thickness