多直流馈入系统功率调控与机组出力恢复协调优化

含多直流馈入的受端电网发生大停电后，充分发挥直流系统启动后的调控能力是加快负荷恢复进程的重要手段，同时对系统恢复控制提出了更高的要求。在此背景下，提出了一种多直流馈入系统功率调控与受端系统机组出力恢复协调优化方法。首先，从直流系统逆变站的功率调控特性和多直流馈入系统与送/受端交流系统的交互作用这2个层面分析多直流馈入系统的功率调控特性，并建立相应的功率调控约束模型；然后，以机组爬坡时间和直流系统功率调控时间最短为目标，综合考虑直流系统、送/受端系统的约束条件以及常规发电机组的恢复运行约束等因素，建立直流馈入量调整模型，计及系统功率平衡、电压和频率安全、旋转备用等约束，构建多直流馈入受端系统的机组出力优化模型。在此基础上，将该问题建模为双层混合整数线性规划模型，实现传统机组出力和各直流传输量的协调优化，最小化机组出力调整时间，并达到避免直流传输量小幅调整的调度目标。最后，以含多直流馈入的IEEE 30节点、IEEE 118节点系统以及含多风电场的IEEE 30节点系统为算例验证所提模型的有效性。

Coordinated optimization of multi-infeed HVDC system power regulation and generator output restoration

After the blackout of the receiving-end power grid with multi-infeed HVDC(High Voltage Direct Current) system, it is an important means to speed up the load restoration process to give full play to the regulation ability of HVDC system after its startup. At the same time, higher requirements are put forward for system recovery control. In this context, a coordinated optimization method of multi-infeed HVDC system power regulation and generator output restoration in the receiving-end power grid is proposed. Firstly, the power regulation characteristics of multi-infeed HVDC system are analyzed from two aspects, namely the power regulation characteristics of HVDC system inverter station and the interaction effects between multi-infeed HVDC system and sending-/receiving-end AC systems, and the corresponding power regulation constraint model is established. Then, aiming at minimizing the generator climbing time and the power regulation time of HVDC system, the power adjustment model of multi-infeed HVDC system is set up by comprehensively considering the constraints of HVDC system, sending-/receiving-end systems and operation recovery of conventional generators, and the generator output optimization model of receiving-end system is constructed by considering the constraints of power balance, voltage and frequency security, spinning reserve and so on. On this basis, the problem is modeled as a bi-level mixed integer linear programming model, which realizes the coordinated optimization of traditional generator output and the tie-line power of HVDC system, minimizes the adjustment time of generator output regulation, and achieves the scheduling goal of avoiding small adjustment of HVDC system. Finally, the validity of the proposed model is verified by examples of IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus systems with multi-infeed HVDC system and IEEE 30-bus system with multiple wind farms.