发展特高压交流输电,建设坚强的国家电网

简要介绍了国外特高压交流输电技术的发展概况和我国的前期科研工作,指出我国电网发展所面临的问题:负荷水平、装机容量快速增长;电网建设滞后、网间交换能力不足;部分地区短路电流问题突出;站址、输电走廊紧张、输变电工程费用大幅增长;电网技术装备水平有待提高等。在此基础上,论述了我国建设特高压电网的紧迫性、必要性和可行性。从联网效益、降低运行成本效益、节约占地效益、解决短路电流超标问题带来的效益、社会综合效益等方面比较分析了建设交流特高压网架的效益。探讨了亟需重点研究的若干关键技术问题,包括交流互联电网动态稳定性分析、大区互联电网内部适应性分析、互联电网潮流的合理分布和短路电流的控制、特高压输电线路继电保护系统的配置、自动重合闸装置的动作特性等。

Developing UHV AC transmission and constructing strong state power grid

The general development situation of UHV AC transmission technology abroad and the prophase studies in China are briefly described.Problems in Chinese power grid development are pointed out,such as the rapid growth of power load and huge installed generator capacity,the lagged power grid construction and insufficient inter-regional power exchange,the overrunning of short-circuit currents in some areas,the higher transmission and transformation cost because of limited land for substation site and transmission corridor,and the lower technical level of power transmission network and equipment,based on which,the urgency,necessity and technical feasibility of developing UHV power grid in China are further discussed.The comprehensive benefits of UHV power grid construction are evaluated from regional interconnection,operation cost,land occupation,short-circuit current limiting,social benefit,etc..Key technologies are discussed,such as the dynamic stability of interconnected grid,the adaptability of inter-regional connection mode,the rational distribution of inter-regional power flow and control of short-circuit current,the disposition of relay protections for UHV transmission lines,and the operating characteristics of auto-reclose devices.