电力市场中的双边合同

电力的市场化运营给市场成员带来了很大的市场风险，远期、期货等电力双边合同作为一种有效的风险管理工具被引入到电力市场。双边合同交易在实际电力交易中占据大部分份额，但一直以来对双边合同的研究远少于对pool竞价的研究，直到美国加州电力市场的失败，双边合同交易才受到普遍关注。近年来，研究工作者在双边合同方面发表了数十篇论文，基于这些研究成果对双边合同的基本类型及其定价理论、双边合同的风险管理、市场参与者在双边合同市场与现货市场中的优化交易策略以及双边市场对电力市场的影响等领域的工作进行了全面简要的综述，并结合我国电力市场化改革的实际，提出今后双边合同方面重点研究的领域。

Survey of bilateral contracts in power market

As tremendous financial risk are brought to the participants by the power market,bilate-ral contracts,such as forward contract and future contract,are introduced into power market as an efficient risk-managing tool.Although a majority of electricity transaction is conducted through bi-lateral contracts,its research is far not enough until the failure of Californian electricity market.Based on the research papers of bilateral contract published recently,a brief summary is presen-ted,such as:the basic types and pricing theory,the risk management ,the strategy of participant and its influence on real time market.Combined with China power market,the future research emphases in this domain are brought forward.