考虑阶梯碳交易和需求响应的含氢储能的并网型微电网优化配置

针对低碳背景下并网型微电网的优化配置问题，提出了一种考虑阶梯碳交易和需求响应的含氢储能的并网型微电网优化配置方法。通过在规划模型中引入阶梯碳交易机制，降低微电网的碳排放；以可再生能源发电功率与负荷功率的差值绝对值之和最小为目标，利用负荷需求响应引导用户改变用能策略，促进可再生能源消纳，减少储能配置容量，进一步降低微电网的碳排放和经济成本；建立包含风力发电机、光伏阵列、柴油发电机、电解槽、储氢罐、燃料电池的并网型微电网的双层优化配置模型，上层模型以微电网等年值综合成本最小为优化目标，下层模型以微电网年运行成本和年碳交易成本之和最小为优化目标；采用遗传算法与混合整数线性规划相结合的方法对双层优化配置模型进行求解。算例结果验证了所建模型的合理性和有效性，能够为含氢储能的并网型微电网的容量配置提供参考。

Optimal configuration of grid-connected microgrid with hydrogen energy storage considering ladder-type carbon trading and demand response

Aiming at the optimal configuration of grid-connected microgrid under the background of low carbon, an optimal configuration method of grid-connected microgrid with hydrogen energy storage considering ladder-type carbon trading and demand response is proposed. The ladder-type carbon trading mechanism is introduced into the planning model to reduce the carbon emission of microgrid. With the goal of minimizing the absolute sum of the difference between the renewable energy power and the load power, the load demand response is used to guide users to change their energy consumption strategies, promote the absorption of renewable energy, reduce the configuration capacity of energy storage, and further reduce the carbon emission and economic cost of the microgrid. A two-layer optimal configuration model of grid-connected microgrid including wind turbine, photovoltaic array, diesel generator, electrolytic cell, hydrogen storage tank and fuel cell is established. The optimization goal of the upper layer model is to minimize the equal annual comprehensive cost of microgrid, and the optimization goal of the lower layer model is to minimize the sum of the annual operation cost and annual carbon transaction cost of microgrid. The two-layer optimal configuration model is solved by combining genetic algorithm with mixed integer linear programming. The simulative results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model, which can provide reference for the capacity configuration of grid-connected microgrid containing hydrogen energy storage.