用模拟电荷法求解高压输电线附近电磁场

高压输电线路工作时，导线上的电荷将在空间产生电场，电场能在人和物体上感应出电压，它对周围环境的影响表现在由静电感应产生的电击。文章首先介绍了模拟电荷法的基本原理及其适用场合，然后研究了利用模拟电荷法分析高压线附近放有物体时的电场，以及物体感应的电压，分析了物体通过人体放电的过程，计算了流过人体的感应电流，估计了高压线对人体的电击影响。

Application of Emulation Charge Method in Calculation of Electromagnetic Environment near to HV Transmission Lines

When high-voltage (HV) transmission line works, the electric charge on the wire produces corresponding electric field on the free space and this electric field induces the voltages on human bodies and other objects as well as the impact of this electric field on surrounding environment behave as electric shock due to the electrostatic induction. In this paper firstly the basic principle of emulation charge method and its applicable occasions are introduced; then it is researched how to use emulation charge method to analyze the electric field near to the transmission line where objects are laid and the induced voltage on the objects. The process that the objects discharge via human body is also analyzed and the induced current that flows through human body is calculated, and the impacts of the electric shock caused by HV transmission line on human body are evaluated as well.