污秽绝缘子闪络机理研究综述

文章综述了几十年来国内外对污秽绝缘子闪络机理的研究状况，包括电路模型、能量模型、动态模型、交流电弧重燃条件、电场模型以及低气压下的电弧特性等，并根据真型绝缘子串污闪放电过程的拍摄结果，提出了由剩余污层电阻、沿面电弧和空气间隙电弧串联组成的低气压下绝缘子长串直流放电数学模型，同时对未来绝缘子污秽闪络机理的研究方向进行了展望，指出真型绝缘子长串放电过程、绝缘子剩余污层电阻、低气压下局部电弧特性的测量等是今后研究的重点。

Summary of Research on Flashover Mechanism of Polluted Insulators

In this paper the research situation of the flashover mechanism of polluted insulators in recent decades home and abroad, i.e., in the field of circuit model, energy model, dynamic model, re-ignition condition of AC arc, electric field model and the characteristic of arc under low atmosphere pressure, is summarized. According to the high-speed photography of pollution flashover caused discharge process of insulator string with actual size, a DC discharge mathematical model of long insulator string, composed by series-connected residual resistance of pollution layer, surface arc and air gap arc, under low atmosphere pressure is proposed. The future research direction of flashover mechanism of polluted insulator is looked ahead, and it is pointed out that the discharge process of long insulator string with actual size, the key items of the residual resistance of pollution layer of insulator and the measurement of partial discharge characteristic under low atmosphere pressure should be the key item of the research in the future.