合成绝缘子芯棒脆断性能及试验方法的研究

国内合成绝缘子的使用量越来越大，随着运行时间的增加，发生的故障也越来越多。其中由于合成绝缘子芯棒的脆断而导致的事故已经发生了多起，这个问题在国内引起了广泛的关注。文章在实验室采用两种加载方式对脆断过程进行模拟。一种是恒定应力法，用来检查芯棒的耐应力腐蚀性能；另外一种是递减应力法，用来模拟出和实际运行复合绝缘子中出现的尽可能类似的脆断断口。在实验室成功的模拟出和运行中几乎相同的芯棒脆断断口，对芯棒的脆断性能有所了解。试验时的一些因素会显著影响脆断的发展过程，而这些因素在国外试验草案中都未得到充分的讨论和说明。通过对试验条件的研究，给出了合成绝缘子芯棒耐应力腐蚀试验方法。

RESEARCH ON BRITTLE FRACTURE OF FRP RODS AND THE TEST METHOD

The number of composite insulators used in China is increasing rapidly. Along with the increment of the time in service of the composite insulators the more and more failures of the composite insulators appear, in which there are many cases of the faults caused by the brittle fracture of Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) rods, so the attention to this problem is widely attracted at home. In laboratory, there are two load-applying methods used to simulate the brittle fracture process, one is constant tensile load method which is used to test the resistance of FRP core against stress corrosion; the other is decreasing tensile load method, in order to simulate similar appearance of brittle fracture section in service. Now the appearance of brittle fracture of FRP rod simulated in laboratory is almost the same as that in service. The brittle fracture property of FRP rod is partly realized. Some important factors, which influence the brittle fracture process and are not well described in abroad test drafts, are discussed and clarified here. Through the study of testing conditions the test method against stress corrosion of FRP rods is given.