光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪控制方法综述

光伏发电系统的运行需要快速准确地进行最大功率点跟踪(MPPT),但目前很多最大功率点跟踪方法跟踪不够准确,从而导致了光伏系统的功率损失,为此综述了光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪的各种方法,包括日益成熟、改进和优化策略较多的扰动观察法和电导增量法,并总结了两种方法应用的局限性和需要注意的问题。从最大功率点跟踪的控制原理和发展历程出发,归纳了基于优化数学模型、扰动自寻优、智能处理方法及输出端控制等4类方法,分别说明了各种跟踪控制方法的优点和不足之处,并指出具体选择方法时需要统筹考虑跟踪方法实现的难易程度、经济成本、传感器类型、跟踪速度与精度的协调以及应用领域等各种因素。最后探讨了最大功率点跟踪控制方法的发展思路,对该领域今后的研究方向做了展望,指出单级式光伏逆变系统中的最大功率点跟踪己成为国内外光伏领域的一个研究热点。

Survey of Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Array

It is necessary to track the maximum power point(MPP) of the PV array rapidly and accurately and it can increase the output power of photovoltaic array.This article summarizes the methods of Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT),including the Perturb-and-observation Method and Incremental Conductance Method and points out the limitations and notes of those two methods.This paper divides a number of different techniques for MPPT of PV arrays into four groups by the control theory and development process of MPPT,analyses their merits and demerits and compares methods with others.The main aspects of the MPPT techniques to be taken into consideration are highlighted in the subsequent subsection.Finally,some feasible thoughts with new technologies for solving problem are discussed and its study direction in the future is also looked ahead.It is also indicated that MPPT in the single-stage inverter for PV systems has become a hot research area at home and abroad.