空调群负荷动态特性分析与建模

为仿真分析空调群负荷的动态特性并建立其模型,在所建立的单台空调负荷模型的基础上,应用电力综合稳定分析程序(PSASP),对某变电站进行配电网扩展,分别接入全空调负荷和混合负荷(包括空调、感应电动机、恒阻抗)。当端电压大于临界电压时,空调群特性可由Karlsson-Hill模型反映;包含空调启动时,分别讨论假设空调群内空调同时启动、均匀启动以及正态分布随机启动3种情况。同时启动时,空调群启动部分沿用单台空调启动模型;均匀启动以及正态分布随机启动时,功率分段拟合。仿真结果表明:10kV母线上的冲击要明显大于0.4kV-3母线上的冲击;全空调负荷时的冲击要明显大于混合负荷时的冲击;空调群同时启动时的冲击最强,正态分布随机启动时次之,均匀启动时冲击最小。

Dynamic Characteristics and Modeling of Air Conditioner Loads

Based on the characteristic analysis and modeling of a single air conditioner, the dynamic characteristics and modeling of air conditioner flock are analyzed by using PSASP and expanding a distribution network. Two conditions are included: full air conditioner load and composite load of air conditioners, motors and resistances. When the voltage is above critical value, the Karlsson-Hill model is suitable. To consider the starting characteristic, several assumptions are made, including that all air conditioners start simultaneously, uniformly and randomly. For the simultaneous start, the air conditioner flock can continue to use the starting model of single air conditioner, while for the uniform start and the random start, the power can be fitted by sectional functions. The influence of air conditioner flock on power network is analyzed, in which its restarting effect following voltage recovery is emphasized. Simulation results show that, the impact on 10 kV bus is greater than that on 0.4 kV bus; impact of full air conditioner load is greater than that of composite load; the impact of simultaneous start is greater than that of normal start, and the impact of uniform start is the smallest.