部首感知的中文医疗命名实体识别

人工智能技术的发展推动了医疗领域的智能化,为提升医疗效率、改善医疗水平提供了新的助力。同时,这一新的趋势也催生了海量的电子病历文本,其所蕴含的丰富信息具有巨大的潜在挖掘与应用价值。然而,当前中文电子病历的命名实体识别研究工作并没有全面考虑中文及中文医疗领域的特殊性,而是将面向通用数据集的模型迁移到医疗领域的实体类型中,分析效果较为有限。针对这一问题,该文设计了长短期记忆网络与条件随机场的联合模型并引入BERT模型;在此基础之上,考虑到医疗领域命名实体鲜明的部首特征,通过将部首信息编码到字向量中,并且结合部首信息修改条件随机场层得分函数的计算方式,有效地提升了医疗领域命名实体的抽取能力。通过两项电子病历数据集的实验结果表明,该文提出的模型整体效果略高于通用的实体识别模型,并对疾病诊断等特定类型的实体词的识别效果具有较为明显的提升。

Radical-Aware Named Entity Recognition for Chinese Medical Records

The general named entity recognition fails to capture the features in Chinese characters as well as Chinese medical records. In this paper, we integrate the BERT into a joint model of bi-directional long short-term memory and conditional random fields for better performance. Considering the unique feature of radicals for medical entities, we encode the radical information into the word vector, and then modify the scoring function of the CRF layer. Experiments on two real-world electronic medical record datasets validate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline methods, especially for the disease-related named entities.