基于UWB/AOA/TDOA的WSN节点三维定位算法研究

为了将二维定位算法AOA和TDOA拓展成三维定位算法，文中提出了一种基于AOA/TDOA和UWB传输技术的WSN节点三维定位算法。该算法采用二维的AOA测角算法测量未知节点与信标节点之间的角度，采用TDOA算法测量未知节点与信标节点之间的距离，在测角、测距的过程中采用UWB通信技术来传输探测信号，使得探测信号具有较高的时间分辨率，从而提高测角、测距精度，最后基于文中提出的待测节点三维坐标计算方法求解出待测节点的三维坐标。为了验证算法的有效性，在Matlab软件中进行了仿真实验。结果表明：新算法定位精度相比于AOA算法、TDOA算法都有大幅度提高。理论和实践皆表明：新算法具有较高的定位精度，能够满足未知节点在三维空间中的定位需求。

Study on Three-dimensional Localization Algorithm in WSN Based on UWB/AOA/TDOA

In order to make two-dimensional localization algorithm of AOA and TDOA extended to 3-D positioning algorithm,put for-ward a wireless senor network nodes 3D positioning algorithm based on AOA/TDOA and UWB. This algorithm uses AOA to measure the angle between unknown nodes and beacon nodes and TDOA to measure the distance between unknown nodes and beacon nodes. What＆#39;s more,during the course of measuring the angle and distance,the algorithm uses UWB communication technology to make the detected signal has higher time resolution ratio,thus achieving higher angle and distance measuring resolution ratio. Finally,based on three-dimen-sional coordinates of the test node calculation method proposed in this paper,solve the three-dimensional coordinates of the test node. In order to validate the validity of improved method,carry out the simulation experiment in Matlab software. The experimental results show that compared with AOA and TDOA,the new algorithm positioning accuracy has greatly improved. Theory and practice have proved that the new algorithm has higher positioning accuracy,which can meet the demand of unknown node positioning in three-dimensional space.