A novel hybrid fusion algorithm to bridge the period of GPS outages using low-cost INS |
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| Affiliation: | 1. EECS Department, University of Toledo, MS 308, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, United States;2. School of Computing Sciences and Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States;1. Sobey School of Business, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS B3H 2W3, Canada;2. Charlton College of Business, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA;1. Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1T7, QC, Canada;3. The Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1T7, QC, Canada;1. CMR Institute of Technology, AECS Layout, Bangalore, Karnataka 560037, India;2. Christ University, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India;1. College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2. Faculty of Information Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam;1. Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Applied Mathematics, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, ROC |
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| Abstract: | Land Vehicle Navigation (LVN) mostly relies on integrated system consisting of Inertial Navigation System (INS) and Global Positioning System (GPS). The combined system provides continuous and accurate navigation solution when compared to standalone INS or GPS. Different fusion methodology such as those based on Kalman filtering and particle filtering has been proposed that estimates and models the INS error during the GPS signal availability. In the case of outages, the developed model provides an INS error estimates, thereby improving its accuracy. However, these fusion approaches possess several inadequacies related to sensor error model, immunity to noise and computational load. Alternatively, Neural Network (NN) based approaches has been proposed. In the case of low-cost INS, the NN suffers from poor generalization capability due to the presence of high amount of noises.The paper thus introduces a novel and hybrid fusion methodology utilizing Dempster–Shafer (DS) theory augmented by Support Vector Machines (SVM), known as DS-SVM. The INS and GPS data fusion is carried using DS fusion whereas SVM models the INS error. During GPS availability, DS provides accurate solution; whereas during outages, the trained SVM model corrects the INS error thereby improving the positioning accuracy. The proposed methodology is evaluated against the existing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the Random Forest Regression (RFR) methodology. A total of 20–87% improvement in the positional accuracy was found against ANN and RFR. |
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| Keywords: | Support Vector Machine Global Positioning System Inertial Navigation System Dempster Shafer theory |
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