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一种无线传感器网络目标的最优覆盖算法
引用本文:张红武,王宏远,裴小兵.一种无线传感器网络目标的最优覆盖算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2009,30(11).
作者姓名:张红武  王宏远  裴小兵
作者单位:1. 华中科技大学,电子与信息工程系,湖北,武汉,430074
2. 华中科技大学,软件学院,湖北,武汉,430074
摘    要:无线传感器网络点状目标覆盖的算法中,集合分割算法虽简单,但效率低且仅适用于每个传感器节点能量都相等的网络模型.为此,我们对集合分割算法进行改进,提出一种启发式贪心最优覆盖算法.该算法适用于节点能量正态分布的网络模型,采用了关键目标优先覆盖策略和节点能效最大化策略,延长了网络覆盖生命期,提高了算法的效率.实验表明新算法网络生命期延长80%以上,有更好的适应性和稳定性.

关 键 词:点状目标  正态分布  时隙  网络生命期

Optimal Coverage Algorithm for Point Target in Wireless Sensor Networks
ZHANG Hong-wu,WANG Hong-yuan,PEI Xiao-bing.Optimal Coverage Algorithm for Point Target in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Mini-micro Systems,2009,30(11).
Authors:ZHANG Hong-wu  WANG Hong-yuan  PEI Xiao-bing
Abstract:Among current point targets coverage algorithm in wireless sensor networks, Disjoint Set Covers algorithm has the advantage of simpleness in which sensor nodes are divided into disjoint sets so that every set covers every target. But it is only adaptable to network model in which all sensor nodes has the equal power supply, further reduces severely network lifetime by distributing all power supply of sensor node in one time. In this paper, we propose a Heuristic Greedy Optimal Coverage Algorithm (HG-OCA) for point target based on improving the algorithm. Firstly, we first make a network model in which power supply of sensor nodes follows a normal distribution. Secondly,we analyze disjoint cover set problem and optimal coverage problem of target set based on time slot. In particular, we put forward the definition of critical target and the coverage priority of critical target priority after analyzing energy model of target coverage. Moreover, we choose sensor node with most energy efficiency as active node. Finally, based on minimize energy consume of critical target and maximizing energy efficiency of sensor node, we present HG-OCA to maximize network lifetime. Measurement results show that the new algoridim could increase 80% longer network lifetime and achieve more adaptability and stability.
Keywords:point target  normal distribution  time slot  network lifetime
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