基于负载率的异步机经济运行的研究

针对三相异步机在空载或者轻载状态时往往处于非经济运行状态的问题。以GB12497—95《三相异步电动机经济运行》国家标准为依据，全面分析和研究了三相交流异步机的经济运行问题。基于综合经济负载率提出了综合效率的概念。并以此为标准提出了经济运行状态的判定原则。对不同负载率情况下两台异步机综合效率的仿真计算进行分析，发现很多文献所倡导的轻载降压运行方式，并不能使异步机在整个负载率范围内达到经济运行标准。指出变频调速和软启动技术应该大力推广应用。

Research of Economical Running for Asynchronous Motor Based on Load Ratio

The widely-used 3-phase asynchronous motor often runs in non-economical state when its load is empty or light. According to GB12497-95: Three Phase Asynchronous Motor Economical Running, the problem of economical running for 3-phase asynchronous motor is analyzed and researched. The integrate efficiency is brought forward based on the integrate economical load radio and the partitioning principle is presented. The running of falling voltage for light or empty load that many papers have put forward cannot keep motors running in an economical way through simulation computation of comprehensive efficiency for two motors under different load ratio. The technology of frequency conversion timing and soft start should be widely applied.