一种新的基于粒子群优化的双簇头分簇路由算法*

针对无线传感器网络分簇路由算法中簇头节点负载过重，簇头能量利用率不高，提出了一种基于粒子群优化的双簇头多跳路由算法。该算法根据簇头任务的不同，利用节点的能量、距离汇聚节点的距离以及节点的位置关系分别构建适应值函数，选择出最优主簇头完成数据采集和融合任务，以及与其协作的最优副簇头完成簇间数据转发任务，最终实现采集能耗和传输能耗最小化。仿真实验结果表明，与其他路由算法相比，该算法可以有效减轻簇头节点负载，减小簇头能量消耗，均衡整个网络能耗，延长了网络的生存周期。

A new dual-cluster heads clustering routing algorithm based on particle swarm optimization

In order to solve the problem of the heavy load of cluster heads and the low utilization of cluster heads energy, a dual-cluster heads and multi-hops clustering routing algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) is proposed. According to the different tasks of the cluster heads, the algorithm uses PSO to select the master cluster head which completes the data collection and integration and the vice cluster head cooperate with master cluster head which completes the inter-cluster data forwarding. The fitness function is built using the node energy, the distance between itself and sink and the position information. By this way, it can make data collection and data transmission consumption smaller. Compared with other routing algorithms, Simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the load of the cluster head and the energy consumption of cluster head. It also balances the energy consumption of the entire network and extends the lifetime of the network.