基于TFDA的有限空间多目标声定位方法

针对有限空间中多途干扰导致多目标声定位方法性能下降的问题，在分析了主动定位和被动定位模型适用性的基础上，提出将基于短时傅里叶变换（STFT）的单频信号强度提取与二次相关结合的方法应用于声发射信号声达时频差（TFDA）的测定，并采用多个全指向电容式麦克风进行声定位实验。首先，对麦克风接收到的声信号进行放大预处理；其次，利用接收到的锚节点扬声器定时循环发射的声信号计算声达时频差；最后，各目标利用混合求解的方法进行自主定位。实验表明该方法能够有效实现有限空间多目标定位，定位均方根误差达到5cm，相对精度达到3%。

Acoustic Positioning Method for Multiple Targets Based on TFDA in Finite Space

The performance of acoustic positioning method for multiple targets is severely affected by multipath interference in finite space. On the basic analysis of active and passive structures for multiple targets positioning in finite space, single frequency signal intensity extraction based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT) combined with dual-correlation was applied to measure time frequency difference arrival (TFDA) of acoustic signals, and omnidirectional condenser microphones were used for multiple targets positioning experiment. Firstly, pre-amplifier was used for signal pretreatment of acoustic signals received by microphones. Secondly, time frequency difference arrival was calculated by using timing-cycled acoustic signals emitted by anchor node speakers. Finally, hybrid solution method was used for the calculation of self-positioning. The experimental results show that the method can effectively achieve the coordinate of multiple targets in finite space, and the positioning root-mean-square error reaches 5cm, relative accuracy reaches 3%.