肿瘤细菌疗法综述

早在 150 年前，活细菌就已经被用来治疗癌症。1868 年，德国医生 Busch 首先报道了部分肿瘤患者在感染肺炎链球菌后，体内的肿瘤生长被抑制甚至被彻底清除。在之后的三十年内，美国医生 Coley 和另外一名德国医生 Fehleisen 又分别报道了细菌感染可以抑制肿瘤这一现象。由于其结果难以重复，细菌的毒力也难以控制，这些早期的研究工作一直存在争议。然而经过严谨的动物实验，细菌的侵染被证实确实可以使肿瘤变小，宿主的免疫系统也会在治疗的过程中被激活。文章将尝试综述肿瘤细菌疗法的发展历程和展望其发展方向。

Review on Bacterial Cancer Therapy

As early as in the second half of the 19th century, bacteria have already been used to treat cancer patients. In 1868, German doctor W. Busch reported that when patients with Sarcoma were intentionally infected by Streptococcus pyrogenes, the tumors were suppressed or eliminated. Later, similar cases of bacterial cancer treatments were reported by American doctor William B. Coley and German doctor Friedrich Fehleisen, independently. However, these early attempts remain controversial due to lack of repeatability and safety. In recent years, systematically designed animal experiments have proved that bacterial treatments can effectively suppress tumor growth and also stimulate immune system of the hosts. In this article, we will try to give out an outline of the history, development and future of bacterial cancer therapy.