不同造型风格的车身低阻基本形体

针对低阻车身造型风格多元化的需求,结合数值模拟和遗传算法,考虑不同的约束条件,求解4种造型风格不同且气动阻力因数在0.087~0.100内的车身低阻基本形体,并用缩比模型的风洞试验验证该方法的可靠性.高尾车型低阻基本形体的气动阻力因数值比低尾车型的偏高约0.010;不同长高比车身的气动阻力因数变化趋势不同,应独立进行优化.凹形头部与凸形头部的低阻基本形体都有低且长的尾部,头部正压区总面积相近.

Low drag base bodies of different stylings

As to the diversification requirements of low drag automobile body styling, combining numerical simulation with genetic algorithm and considering different constraint conditions, the low drag base bodies in four different styles are calculated, of which the aerodynamic drag factors are at the range of 0.087~0.100. The reliability of the method is validated by the results of scaled model test in wind tunnel. The aerodynamic drag factor of low drag base body in high rear style is about 0.010 higher than that of low drag base body in low rear style. The changing trend of aerodynamic performance is different for the bodies with different length height ratio, therefore they should be optimized respectively. The low drag base bodies with concave head or convex head type have long and low rear and the total positive pressure areas on the head are similar.