基于遥感与GIS的北京市土地利用动态演化模式研究

将土地利用动态变化模型与景观生态学景观格局模型相结合，在1988－2000年北京市遥感数据的基础上，分析了北京市土地利用动态变化模式。研究表明，地形条件对北京市土地利用类型的形成及土寺利用动态变化具有重要影响。在平原地区，农田、城乡居民点及独立工矿用地居于主导地位，土地利用动态变化主要表现为城乡居民点扩展占用耕地及生态退耕。在台地、丘陵和山地地区，林地、草地等自然景观居于主导地位，土地利用动态变化主要表现为生态退耕。北京市土寺利用格局的动态变化表现了城市化、工业化高速发展与退耕还林等生态建设政策实施对土地利用空间格局产生的影响。自然景观增加，景观多样性半加。在自然景观中，林地面积增加，破碎度减小，斑块边界趋于平滑；草地面积减少，趋于破碎。在人文景观中，城镇、农村居民点斑块增大，趋于紧凑，有利于用地节约。农田受到城镇农村居民点扩展及退耕还林政策的双重影响，面积大量减少，破碎度增加。

Research on Dynamic Land-use Pattern of Beijing by Remote Sensing and GIS

This paper studied the dynamic landscape patterns of Beijing using TM images of 1988 and 2000.The topography had great effect on landscape structure and dynamic change.In plain area cropland,urban,rural residential land and building sites dominated and the main dynamic change was the urban and rural sprawl and reforestation of cropland.In mesa,hill and mountain area,the natural landscape of forest and grassland dominated and the main change was reforestation of cropland.The landscape change in Beijing reflected the effect of urbanization,industrialization and reforestation policies.Landscape diversity increased with the increase of natural landscape.The fragmentation and mean shape of forest decreased with the increasing acreage.The mean area of urban and rural settlements increased and it was beneficial to economize the land.The cropland decreased by the urban,rural sprawl and reforestation and became more fragmented.