安全高效矿井监控关键技术研究

提出安全高效矿井应采用先进可靠的监控技术,实现供电、排水、通风、压风、运输、提升、瓦斯抽采等固定岗位无人值守和地面远程控制,综采、综放等采煤工作面少人作业和地面远程控制;提出供电、排水、通风、压风、运输、提升、瓦斯抽采等监控系统应具有地面远程控制功能;提出具有远程控制、报警联动、调度指挥等功能的煤矿调度指挥控制中心;提出整合计算机网络机房、程控交换机机房、调度交换机机房、监控系统机房等的数据中心;提出基于煤层瓦斯压力和瓦斯含量、综合指标、钻屑瓦斯解吸指标、复合指标、R值指标、瓦斯涌出量(根据瓦斯体积分数和风量计算)、巷道位置、微震、地音、温度等及其变化的煤与瓦斯突出预警方法;提出基于WiFi的矿用无线传输接口,以便于互通互联;提出通过分布式光纤测温预警煤炭自然发火,较通过监测CO等煤炭自然发火标志气体更直接、更及时、更可靠;提出根据运煤量实时调整输送带速度:当煤量较小时降低输送带运行速度,当煤量较大时提高输送带运行速度,以提高运输效率,减少设备磨损;提出基于光纤综合保护的供电监控系统具有防越级跳闸、地面远程整定和地面远程控制功能,提高了煤矿供电的可靠性,可实现煤矿井下机电硐室无人值守;提出具有煤岩识别与滚筒自动调高,采煤机、刮板机、液压支架3机联动,记忆割煤,地面远程、顺槽近程、手动控制和紧急停机,放顶煤量和煤矸控制,采煤机和刮板机等大型机电设备故障诊断等功能的采煤工作面监控系统。

Research of Key Technologies for Mine Safety and Efficiency Monitoring

The paper put forward that safe and efficient coal mines should adopt advanced and reliable monitoring technology to be unmanned in fixed posts such as power supply,drainage,ventilation,air pressure,transportation,hoist,gas drainage and achieve remote control on the ground,and to be less personnel working on mechanized mining and mechanized caving coal faces and ground remote control.It proposed monitoring systems of power supply system,drainage system,ventilation system,air pressure system,transportation system,hoist system and gas drainage system should have function of ground remote control.It proposed coal mine scheduling command and controlling center with functions of remote control,alarm linkage and scheduling command.It proposed to integrate data centers of computer network room,SPC exchange room,dispatching switch room and monitoring system room.It put forward warning method of coal and gas outburst based on coal seam's gas pressure,gas content,integrated indicators,cutting gas desorption indicators,composite indicators,R-value indicators,gas emission(calculated according to the amount of gas concentration and air flow),roadway location,microseism,tone,temperature and their changes.It put forward mine wireless transmission interface based on WiFi to facilitate interconnection.It put forward temperature alarm method of coal spontaneous combustion with distributed optical fiber,which was more direct,timely and reliable than that using symbolic gas of coal spontaneous combustion like CO.It proposed to adjust speed of conveyor belt in real time according to coal quantity: the speed should be reduced when the quantity is small,and else the speed should be increased to improve transport efficiency and reduce equipment wear.It proposed power supply monitoring system based on fiber and integrated protection should have functions of anti grade-skip trip,ground remote setting and ground remote control to improve reliability of coal mine power supply and achieve unmanned underground electromechanical chamber.It put forward coal face monitoring system with following functions: identification of coal and rock;automatic drum increasing;interaction of shearer,scraper and hydraulic support machine;memory-based coal cutting;control of ground remote,crossheading short-range,manual control and emergency stop;top caving coal quantity and gangue control;fault diagnosis of shearer,scraper and other large electrical and mechanical equipments.