科学数据出版现状及其体系框架

科学数据出版是深化数据共享的重要手段,能够激励数据生产者发布和共享数据,又能保护数据的知识产权。回顾了国内外科学数据出版现状,从数据中心和传统出版系统两个角度,提出和完善了科学数据出版体系架构。提出数据出版涉及数据提交、同行审议、数据发布和永久存储、数据引用和影响评价5个基本环节,应由出版系统、数据中心和第三方数据评价机构协同实施。重点讨论了科学数据出版面临的关键问题:数据授权、数字资源唯一标识符、数据集成和数据稿源问题。倡议建立我国的科学数据出版体系,科学数据中心在开展数据收集和共享的同时,加强与学术期刊的合作,成为数据出版的永久存储机构；学术期刊积极开展机制创新,推动学术论文相关数据的公开发布；积极开展数据知识产权保护,倡导对科学数据的引用；加强科学数据的影响评价研究,让数据成果成为普遍认同的科研产出成果,激励科学家主动参与科学数据共享。

Scientific Data Publication:An Revierw and Framework

Scientific data publishing is an important mechanism to promote data sharing,which can encourage researchers to share their data,and can protect the intellectual property of data.This paper makes a review on scientific data publishing,proposes a framework for scientific data publication from the perspectives of data center and publisher.The data publication system involves five basic parts:peer review,publishing,long\|term data storage,data citation and data impact evaluation.And the goal of data publishing will achieve only via cooperation of data center,publisher and independent rating agency.This paper also discusses some key issues on scientific data publishing such as data licensing,digital object unique identifiers,and data reusage.We suggest establish data publication system in China as same as focus on service to key research projects.Academic journal in China should force authors open their data to public before paper publishing and encourage authors to publish data paper.Data centers with long-term data storage capacity should provide citable dataset with permanent link to users.Data centers also need to help academic journal for data registration and management.