个性化领域知识支持的用户主导需求获取方法

应用软件的需求获取与应用领域的特征密切相关,用户的参与日益受到重视,然而用户对系统的认识通常模糊且不完整,且对于多用户系统,需要拥有局部需求的多用户进行协同,才能得到完整、一致的需求.提出一种用户主导的需求获取方法,根据用户特征及其上下文环境,为用户进行需求定义提供个性化的领域知识支持,包括领域需求资产推荐和对多用户协同需求获取的建议.应用实例说明了该方法的可行性,且对于提高用户参与程度、改进领域知识重用效果,从而最终提高需求获取的质量具有积极意义.

User-Driven Requirements Elicitation Method with the Support of Personalized Domain Knowledge

The requirements elicitation of application software is tightly involved with the application domain and faced with many non-technological issues. It is more and more difficult for requirements engineers to explore and understand the problem space and to get what users really need and expect solely by traditional methods and techniques, especially for those application systems that involve rich domain-specific knowledge and have multiple users playing multiple roles with complex organizational structure. Users' involvement is emphasized, while users always have difficulties in delivering their requirements clearly and completely due to their vague and partial understanding of the system. Although the reuse of domain knowledge is helpful, its effectiveness is limited by the ignorance of each user's individuality and specific local concern of the system as well as the vastness of domain knowledge. Besides, users' cooperation has not been considered enough. A novel user-driven requirements elicitation method is proposed. Based on users' individualities and context, support for users to present requirements is provided, including the recommendation of domain assets and advice about multi-user cooperation. The application of the method shows the method is feasible and provides positive effects on requirements elicitation through promoting users' participation and improving domain knowledge reuse.