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代码文件贡献组成模式的分析
引用本文:谭鑫,林泽燕,张宇霞,周明辉.代码文件贡献组成模式的分析[J].软件学报,2018,29(8):2283-2293.
作者姓名:谭鑫  林泽燕  张宇霞  周明辉
作者单位:北京大学 信息科学技术学院, 北京 100871,北京大学 信息科学技术学院, 北京 100871,北京大学 信息科学技术学院, 北京 100871,北京大学 信息科学技术学院, 北京 100871
基金项目:国家基础研究资助(2015CB352200);国家自然科学基金(61432001,61421091,61690200)
摘    要:软件开发过程中,同一代码文件经常由多名开发者共同开发和维护,各个开发者向文件贡献了不同的代码量,使之形成特有的贡献组成.代码文件的贡献组成是否合理直接影响开发者的任务分配,进而影响软件质量和开发效率.对于不同类型的代码文件,如何刻画并确定其合理的贡献组成模式,成为一个亟待解决的问题.由于协同开发支撑工具的成熟,使得开发人员的活动可以被有效的记录,因此,其所产生的海量数据为数据驱动的智能化软件开发打下了基础.首先,基于代码所有权,从贡献组成的集中度、复杂度和稳定性三个维度出发,提出刻画贡献组成的三个量度.其次,以OpenStack的核心项目Nova为研究案例,在其版本控制数据上建立贡献组成的量度,总结了12种通用文件类型,归纳出3种贡献组成模式.最后,本文结合邮件以及面对面访谈的方式,验证了量度的有效性以及贡献组成模式的合理性,并从贡献组成的角度,对软件开发过程给出了一些指导性建议.

关 键 词:贡献组成  量度  代码所有权  数据分析  软件质量
收稿时间:2017/7/16 0:00:00
修稿时间:2017/9/28 0:00:00

Analysis of Contribution Composition Patterns of Code Files
TAN Xin,LIN Ze-Yan,ZHANG Yu-Xia and ZHOU Ming-Hui.Analysis of Contribution Composition Patterns of Code Files[J].Journal of Software,2018,29(8):2283-2293.
Authors:TAN Xin  LIN Ze-Yan  ZHANG Yu-Xia and ZHOU Ming-Hui
Affiliation:School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Abstract:In the process of software development, the one code file is often developed and maintained by more than one developer, and each developer contributes different amount of code to the file, which forms a unique contribution composition. Whether the contribution of the code file is reasonable or not directly affects the task allocation, and then affects the quality of software and development efficiency. For different types of code files, how to measure and determine the contribution composition of the code file becomes an urgent problem to be solved. Due to the maturity of supporting tools in collaborative development, the activities of developers can be recorded effectively. Therefore, the huge amount of data generated by developers lays the foundation for data-driven intelligent software development. Firstly, based on the code ownership, from the three dimensions of the contribution composition:concentration, complexity and stability, this paper establishes a set of metrics to describe the contribution composition of the code file. Secondly, we choose Nova (one of the OpenStack'' core projects) as a case study. Based on its'' version control data and the metrics put forward, a measure of contribution composition is established, and 12 common file types are summarized, showing 3 contribution composition patterns. In the end, we verify the validity of metrics and the rationality of contribution composition patterns by combining mail and face-to-face interviews, and gives some instructive suggestions for software development process.
Keywords:contribution composition  metric  code ownership  data analysis  software quality
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