传感器网络中具有负载平衡的移动协助数据收集模式

数据收集是无线传感器网络的一个基本功能.然而,现有的数据收集模式大都是基于静止基站的网络结构,导致基站周围的节点由于担负着网络内的所有负载而快速死亡,成为网络性能的瓶颈.研究如何利用移动基站收集数据来达到负载平衡.提出了一个利用移动基站协助数据收集的模式(movement-assisted data gathering,简称MADG),它将基站移动区域设置为缓冲区,首先将数据沿最短路径传输到缓冲区内,然后在基站移动的过程中进行数据收集.证明了缓冲区位置设置在距离中心时数据传输总能耗最少,并证明了存在一个缓冲区位置使得最大节点负载最小化,进而确定了同时考虑到能源消耗和负载平衡的基站移动区域.理论分析和实验结果表明,提出的数据收集模式在很大程度上降低了网络节点的最大负载,并且减少了数据传输能源中的消耗,分别比固定基站和同类工作的最大网络负载降低95%和80%以上.

Movement-Assisted Data Gathering Scheme with Load-Balancing for Sensor Networks

Data gathering is the basic function of the sensor networks.However,the existing gathering schemes are almost based on the architecture with a static base station which results in the quick death of nodes around the base station.The reason is that the sensor nodes located near a base station have to relay data for a large part of the network and thus deplete their batteries very quickly.This paper discusses how to use the mobile base station for data gathering with load-balancing.A data gathering scheme MADG(movement-assisted data gathering),which makes use of the mobile base station for data collection,is presented.In this scheme,the base station moves in a stationary annularity area exploited for data buffering.The gathered data.are firstly forwarded into the buffering area and then collected by the mobile base station.It is theoretically proved that the location 2~(1/2)R/2 away from the center is the optimal location for minimizing the energy consumption for transmitting data and that there exists a location which can make the maximal node load minimize.This paper then considers the optimum location jointing the energy consumption and load-balancing based on above analyses.Compared with the static base station scheme and the existing mobile base station scheme,MADG reduces the load by over 95% and 80%,respectively.