风电场2.4 GHz无线信道传播特性试验方法与分析

为解决风电场无线传感器网络节点的部署问题,研究了2.4 GHz频率无线信道传播特性.在设定的6个高度层上,风电场无线信道传播特性基本符合对数路径损耗模型;随着收发节点距离的增加,接收信号强度呈现出递减的趋势,丢包率总体呈现递增的趋势,由于风电场复杂的环境以及强电磁干扰,丢包率在一些时段会出现较大的波动;通过风电场中布置的发送接收节点间的距离、天线架设的高度以及接收到的信号的强度之间的关系拟合建立衰减模型,衰减系数和信号强度与天线高度之间均符合二次多项式关系模型.试验结果表明:该二次多项式关系模型能够为风电场中布置无线传感网络提供依据.

Test Method and Analysis of Propagation Characteristics of 2.4 GHz Wireless Channel in Wind Farm

The wireless sensor networks (WSN) nodes communicate with each other via wireless signals.The signal propagation characteristics of 2.4 GHz wireless channels in wind farm are studied.The results of regression analysis show that the path loss of wireless channel propagation characteristics basically follows the logarithm distance model at the six different height layers.With the increase of the distance between the transmitter and receiving nodes,the received signal strength shows a decreasing trend,and the packet loss rate presentes an increasing trend.Due to the complex environment and strong electromagnetic interference of the wind farm,the packet loss rate may fluctuare greatly in some periods.The attenuation model is fitted by the relationships of the distance between the transmitting and receiving nodes arranged in the wind farm,the height of the antenna erection,and the intensity of the received signal.Both attenuation coefficients and signal intensity and antenna height are in accordance with quadratic polynomial relationship model,respectively.The experimental results show that this quadratic polynomial relation model can provide the basis for the layout of WSN in wind farms.